Macro-Environmental - 3352 Words

Executive SummaryThe macro-environment consists of larger societal forces that affect entire micro-environment. The six forces making up the company’s macro-environment include demographic, economic, natural, technological, political/legal, and social-cultural forces. Companies must constantly watch and adapt to the marketing environment in order to seek opportunities and ward off threats. â€Å"The marketing environment comprises all the actors and forces influencing the company’s ability to transact business effectively with its target market† (Armstrong and Kotler 2003, p.149). In this report, use PEST to analyze macro-environment forces how to impact on PepsiCo in China. As we know, the PepsiCo was the first U.S. company to distribute its†¦show more content†¦According to Chinese government’s regulation, a new bottling plant currently requires about three-year wait for government approval, and concentrate production volume must be re-authorize d annually. In addition, PepsiCo has a global strategy of TV advertising, PepsiCo has included everything from Chinese zodiac animals to Spring Festival couplets in its television commercials. This approach, combined with relatively long advertising history in the country has made Pepsi Cola the most recognized soft-drink brand in China. However, government’s policy and regulation can also impact on the company’s market strategy. Being a communist country, in China, although people now are very much free of expression in ordinary life, there is still no free media. The media is still very controlled by the government and there is always the risk of having more regulations especially to foreigners. †¢The economic environmentThe health of the economy influences how much consumers spend and what they buy. Consumer buying plays an important role in the economy’s health—indeed, consumer outlays make up some two-thirds of overall economic activity. According to Boone and Kurtz (n.d.), economic environment consists of those factors that influence consumer buying power and marketing strategies. They include the stage of business cycle, inflation, unemployment, resourceShow MoreRelatedMarketing Micro and Macro Environmental Factors1669 Words   |  7 PagesMacro and micro environments both fall into the categories of environmental scanning. The general scope of environmental scanning is that it is a component of global environmental analysis. While anal yses are typically carried out on the macro environment, the micro environment still has an important role to play. In summary, the macro environment is involved with the industries, companies, markets, clients and competitors, while the micro environment can be represented by the suppliers, competitorsRead MoreMacro Environmental Factors of Ge613 Words   |  3 PagesGeneral Electric has invested in as they vary in terms of resources available. Among the countries with the highest rate of technology advancement are United States and Japan which General Electric has ventured into (General Electric, 2009). e) Environmental- f) Legal- Conclusion As a result of multinational companies having to deal with different sets of political, economic, social-cultural and technological aspects, designing a PEST analysis exclusive to General Electric was almostRead MoreMacro-Environmental Analysis for Marketing1882 Words   |  8 Pagesappropriate strategy to implement. A market by definition and be surmised at being â€Å"the set of all actual and potential buyers of a product† (Kotler, 1998). The yoghurt market consists of all the actual and potential buyers of yoghurt products. The macro-environment consists of six types of forces economic, demographic, cultural, natural, technological and political. â€Å"Vital Foods† must ensure that they take into account the trends, changes and alterations in these environments which can both pose threatsRead MoreNike Macro Environmental Analysis Essay699 Words   |  3 PagesPA1: Nike - Environmental Marketing Analysis Mahendranath Gunti BUS 510 - Marketing Management Westcliff University Instructor: Dr. Geraldine Goodstone Nike is a global brand headquartered in the United States, Europe, and the Asia Pacific region, specialized in the manufacturing of athletic apparel, footwear, accessories and equipment. Nike products can be found in over 20,000 retail stores. This paper focuses on the six macroeconomic factors (political, Economic, Social, Technology, LegalRead MoreMacro-Environmental Analysis of Us Market3959 Words   |  16 PagesMacro-Environmental Analysis of US Market Clothing Fashion Industry Demographic Forces Current Population Size 315,736,331 Population Density 88.08 inhabitants per square mile (34.01km2) Population as at 9.33am AEST 25th April 2013 - http://www.census.gov/popclock/ Density - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_population_density Population Distribution Major City Population New York-Newark 19.3 million LA-Long Beach-Santa Ana 12.675 million Chicago 9.134 million Miami 5.699Read MoreAn Important Macro-Environmental Force in Vietnam5715 Words   |  23 PagesQUESTION 1: An important macro-environmental force on companies is the social/cultural environment, particularly in international markets. Imagine that you are to offer a seminar on the social/cultural environment of Vietnam to foreign businessmen and marketers. Discuss at least three elements of the cultural environment that foreign businessmen should be aware of when doing business in Vietnam. Use specific examples referring to real-life businesses, brands, marketing activities, etc. to supportRead MoreSingapore Airline Macro Environmental Factors1075 Words   |  5 PagesDIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT STUDIES (FULL TIME) 39TH INTAKE/ SEMESTER 1 (JULY 2012) BUS001-ENGLISH FOR BUSINESS LECTURER: EMILY PAKIVATHY D/O PAUL THIYAGARAJ CA1 NAME: NWE NI HLAING FIN NO: G1157533T CLASS: D SECTION A: PARAGRAPH WRITING 1) SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS 2) WORKING ADULTS IN THEIR 30S SECTION B: CRITICAL REPSONSE TO AN ARTICLE 1) EXPLAIN THE ARTICLE’S THESIS 2) CRITICAL RESPONSE TO THE ARTICLE’S IDEAS SECTION A Question 1 As a secondary student, you may wonder how to acquire knowledgeRead MoreSwot and Macro Environmental Analysis of Nordstrom1664 Words   |  7 PagesNordstrom was co founded 1901 by a 30 year old man named John W Nordstrom and his partner Carl Wallin. At age 16, John W of Sweden left his home and moved to Alaska where he struck gold. While in Alaska, he met a man named Carl Wallin, â€Å"who owned a shoe repair shop in downtown Seattle† (Nordstrom Employee, 2006). The two decided form a partnership and open a shoe store entitled Wallin amp; Nordstrom. Right form the start, the business philosophy was â€Å"based on exceptional customer service,Read MoreSingapore Airline Macro Environmental Factors1083 Words   |  5 PagesDIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT STUDIES (FULL TIME) 39TH INTAKE/ SEMESTER 1 (JULY 2012) BUS001-ENGLISH FOR BUSINESS LECTURER: EMILY PAKIVATHY D/O PAUL THIYAGARAJ CA1 NAME: NWE NI HLAING FIN NO: G1157533T CLASS: D SECTION A: PARAGRAPH WRITING 1) SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS 2) WORKING ADULTS IN THEIR 30S SECTION B: CRITICAL REPSONSE TO AN ARTICLE 1) EXPLAIN THE ARTICLE’S THESIS 2) CRITICAL RESPONSE TO THE ARTICLE’S IDEAS SECTION A Question 1 As a secondary student, you may wonderRead MoreExternal Macro Environmental Factors of the Starbucks Brand1067 Words   |  5 PagesAleishia Wiley 07/11/2011 Marketing Fundamentals External Macro Environmental Factors of the Starbucks Brand It’s been 40 years since Starbucks was founded in 1971, and a lot has changed since they first opened their doors as a small store front is Seattle’s Pikes Place Market. Their headquarters is still based out of Seattle where they got their start but Starbucks has built a brand that is recognized throughout 50 countries across the globe. Despite small changes over the years the Siren

Social Media s Influence On Society - 920 Words

Personally, I have always been a little late to the social media game. By the time I get the most popular form of social media, a newer, better version has been released. The first form of social media that I ever encountered was a website in 2006 called Club Penguin, where people could create penguins to represent themselves and go chat with any other penguin online at the time. While this isn’t what we think of as a social media website today, it had some similar aspects, especially in terms of the online connections. Club Penguin actually had a requirement at the time in order to protect the privacy of its younger users that involved your parent signing a form allowing you to use the website. They also had a safe chat for younger participants to use. After I got a little older and decided to move on from Club Penguin, my parents had me delete my account in order to prevent any potential privacy issues when I no longer used the website. I joined Facebook in December of 2009, and was once again a little later on the boat than everyone else. While I used it for a time, I found it rather boring after a couple years of use. Currently, I use it a lot more because I am in a sorority and Facebook is one of its main forms of communication. I also like that it connects me to friends and family from home. I don’t usually make the conscious decision to stop using social media, it just happens when I get bored. One of the only times I have ever intentionally stopped using a socialShow MoreRelatedSocial Media s Influence On Society1710 Words   |  7 Pagesnew social issue began to surface. As the internet rapidly gained international popularity, new branches of it were created. Currently, Social media dominates the internet world. Merriam-Webster dictionary defines social media as,  ¨forms of electronic communication (as Web sites for social networking and microblogging) through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content (as videos)† (www.merriam-webster.com). The sudden rise of social media’sRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Our Society Essay1007 Words   |  5 PagesInfluences of Media on our Society There is no doubt that the media influences us. To state some examples to prove this claim, try answering the questions that follow. Do you feel like attempting a stunt from a movie? Do you base your fashion on what you see the celebrities are wearing? Do you copy the hairstyle of your favorite famous personalities? Have you ever attempted to walk model-like in an attempt to imitate those ramp models in fashion shows? If you answered yes to any of these questionsRead MoreWhy Is Medium Is The Massage Essay1528 Words   |  7 PagesWhy is Medium Message? Marshall McLuhan, a technological determinist, says in his book ‘Medium is the massage’ that the most widespread modern media influence how humans think, act and perceive the world around them. He states that the medium significantly influences the message that people will receive, and thus, the same message is perceived by the same individual in several ways if he receives them in a different way. The expression the medium is the message means that recipient receives messagesRead MoreAdvertisement And Culture Of The Media1658 Words   |  7 Pagesera of information society, media is playing a very crucial part in everyday lives. It influences both how we see ourselves and society in all perspectives. There are different kinds of media and all of them are presenting their content in more fascinating and glamorize way to influence audience. The presentation of advertisement and pictures in the media is certainly creating a unique mental space in the mind of social capita ls. As far as the advertising and their social influence are concern, theRead MoreThe Impact Of Media On Body Image1538 Words   |  7 Pagesculture, society norms, especially with the development of modern social media, it has grown up to be an important element in affecting the perception of body image to shape the body image. The influence of mass media may be related to the social comparison process of appearance in female and male. The ideal media body image, it is easy to compare in everyday life, and that will result to dissatisfaction with people s body size. On the one hand, Orbach (1987) briefly posted that the western media producedRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Society s Attitude Toward Pointing Out An Apparent Ongoing Struggle Between Whites And Blacks1668 Words   |  7 Pagesit because society is only interested in hearing about what is going wrong in the world, or is the media trying to create controversy and increase racial tensions to garner larger television audi ences and sell more newspapers? Many stories in the news relate to racism: police brutality, education, crime; the media has a way of portraying these matters or specific incidents to suggest that a vast majority of Americans are racist. What might happen if the media, specifically, and society in generalRead MoreMass Society Theory Essay627 Words   |  3 PagesHistory of Mass Society Theory Comprised a vast workforce of people who lived isolated and unfulfilled lives. They were slaves to jobs, bosses and living in crowded urban settings . Their lives were consistent with Marx’s â€Å"alienated masses† Scholars blamed the media for the rise of fascism History of Mass Society Theory During the 1920’s, Hearst and Pulitzer changed their ways and became serious about reporting the news The American Society of Newspaper Editors formed and pledged toRead MoreThe Mass Decline Of Childhood Identity And The Social Implications Involved899 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout modern society, children have become the primary consumers of marketing (Hill, 2011, p. 348). As the documentary Consuming Kids illustrates, infants are easily deceived by society, culture, and especially media scams (Barbaro, 2008). Marketing has shifted the focus of children from traditional playing to various consumerist desires. This paper will explore the causes of the mass decline in childhood identity and the social implications involved. The impact of marketing for children willRead MoreGina Rinehart s Accumulation Of Fairfax Shares Essay1580 Words   |  7 Pagesprotecting economic and power structures in society. The traditional justification for journalism has been that it can act as a watchdog on powerful government and corporations. The issue with Gina Rinehart’s share in Fairfax, i s that one of the most powerful sectors in Australian society, the mining industry, were seeking to dominate one of the important accountability mechanisms in a democracy though economic means. Gina Rinehart, who is Australia s richest person, began accumulating shares inRead MoreTodays Unrealistic Body Expectations1311 Words   |  5 PagesModern society portrays good looking men to have broad shoulders, toned arms, six-pack abs, and a small waist while good looking women are viewed to have the characteristics of being slim and fit, having a small waist, lean hips, and perfect skin complexion. As a result, many people are affected by our own societys portrayals of good looking men and women that they feel pressured into doing whatever it takes and going through extreme measures, most of the time, spending countless hours in the gym

Impact of Divorce on Children Free Essays

The Impact of Divorce on the Family Sociology as defined by Sociology: exploring the architecture of everyday life is the systematic study of human societies (Newman, 2012). By studying human societies we can observe and understand how individuals interact with each other in society and the developing global system, but in order to understand these relationships we must look at society and the world at a different perspective. In turn a sociologist would be a scientist who studies human societies. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Divorce on Children or any similar topic only for you Order Now A sociologist would be interesting in studying the topic of impact of divorce on children because it directly involves a relationship between two people. By studying divorce through a sociological perspective a sociologist can observe the causes that resulted in the divorce and the sociological implications it has on the nuclear family. Divorce is defined as the legal dissolution of marriage by a court or other competent body (Newman, 2012). The divorce rate in the United States is somewhere between 40-50 percent. The causes for divorce can vary greatly and can range anywhere from unhappiness with the marriage to extramarital relationships. In the 1950’s to the 1970’s divorce was only fault based meaning one spouse had to prove the other spouse committed a marital offense (Jolivet, 2012). Since the culture in the 1950’s was much different than it is now divorced couples were stigmatized, and their children were also labeled as outcasts from a â€Å"broken home†. It was also thought that children from a â€Å"broken home† had a higher chance of failing out of school or delinquency since there was an obvious lack of parenting. In the 1970’s divorce became more common and legislation changed, therefore, no fault divorce was introduced. Once divorce became more common, society became more accepting and divorce was not viewed as taboo anymore. Instead people now see divorce as another chance to be happy. Children of divorce were now viewed as resilient instead of delinquents (Jolivet, 2012). The change in the way children were viewed comes from being able to cope with the loss of a family or growing up without living with a mom and dad. The effect of divorce on an individual’s life can be tremendous, it can impact almost everyone the individual interacts with. In an article by Greif and Deal (2012) they explained how friend networks would overlap with marriage and when that couple divorce that network is put at risk. It was found that after 8 months of separation men and women maintained 61% of that network but after 16 months only 50% of that network remained. The individual is important when it comes to observing effects of divorce. In a study done with 31 divorced women it was found that their physical appearance often changed as they struggled with their identity after divorce (Greif and Deal, 2012). This is most due to the high levels of stress before and after the divorce The impact parent arguing can have on the children could be very dramatic. A survey done by Dr. Robert Gordon that asked 1000 teenagers between the ages of fourteen and eighteen about their opinions on divorce concluded that the children wanted their parents â€Å"more than anything† to stay together (Jolivet, 2012). The survey also looked into children’s opinions’ on parent arguing and found that 50% of children think that parent arguing is â€Å"terrible† (Jolivet, 2012). There are different types of parental arguing, which can range from disagreeing, criticizing, screaming and physical confrontation. When children were asked about what arguing meant to them 39% said it involved disagreement, 26% said it was criticizing the other parent, but less than 35% said that arguing involved screaming or physical confrontation. Further research shows that most married couples agreed to occasionally arguing in front of their children. Dr. Gordon concluded that children are deeply affected by parental arguing and hopes that his research will make couples think twice about arguing or criticizing each other in front of their children (Jolivet, 2012). The social implications of parental arguing on children are mostly negative but in some situations can be positive. When children are exposed to a negative environment it threatens their emotional stability, which can result in depression, anxiety, and aggression. Although when parental conflicts are solved sensibly children learn constructive ways to settle arguments. Children learn to compromise and use compassion instead of aggressive behavior to solve disagreements. The overwhelming message that children of divorced parents try to convey is that they want more than anything for their parents to stay together. When teenagers were asked about what they would want their parents to know the majority said that it’s â€Å"Not easy for all of us† and â€Å"they don’t want to be blamed for it† or â€Å"caught in the middle† (Jolivet, 2012). This shows that the impacts of divorce and stress levels are not only felt by the individuals involved in the relationship but are felt almost as equally by the children. Children of divorced parents in present times are seen as resilient and being able to cope with difficult times. In a study done by Dr. Robert Gordon about teenager’s opinions on divorce found: Seeing parents divorced or growing up without mom and dad living together makes our whole view of life different. We become more independent and strong. Marriage and kids are not such a positive thing anymore/7 Kids also wanted their parents to know that, simply, they can handle the truth of the situation. (Jolivet, 2012) As a result of viewing marriage and kids differently teenagers who come from divorced families are more likely to have trouble with their own marriage. This is because children do not know what caused their parent’s marriage to collapse, therefore, are unable to maintain a successful relationship. The immediate effects of divorce on children is evident but there are usually no long term effects as they usually fall into the normal range of psychological and social adjustment (Jolivet, 2012). Although, the way the parents handle the divorce is the determining factor for long-term effects on divorce. The number one factor that puts a child at risk for long-term effects of divorce is the intensity and level of parental conflict prior, during, and after the divorce. For example, battles for custody can put high levels of stress on children as they have little control of the legal events and outcomes. If a child has to suffer through a high- conflict divorce it can double the rate of behavioral and emotional adjustment problems along with many more potential effects. Studies have also examined the effect of divorce on boys and girls as different groups. Data shows that the effect on boys was more immediate and dramatic. Boys were also more vulnerable to aggression and disruption. However, the effect on girls culminated over time and resulted in increased sexual promiscuity, skipping school, and acting out (Jolivet, 2012). This research concludes that the effect of divorce on children can be predicted by the conditions that existed before the separation. As children go through the stages of divorce with their parents they are observing everything that is going on, these observations could have a negative effect on how these children view marriage and divorce later in life. In a study of divorce done by Dr. Amato and Dr. DeBoer found that divorces were more common in children whose parents divorced than among children whose parents stayed married (Jolivet, 2012). When parents divorce the child is familiar and used to the subject and is more likely to view it much less benignly than a child who did not grow up with divorce in the household. This results in those children being more open to divorce if they are unhappy with their marriage. Children could also view marriage as an unpredictable relationship and love and commitment can come and go (Jolivet, 2012). Although adult children with divorced parents are more likely to get divorce does not mean they are doomed for an unsuccessful marriage, they just need to work a little bit more to keep their relationship strong and interesting. Divorce is a difficult topic for many people and can affect almost everybody connected to an individual in the relationship. In a family the individuals who opted for the divorce are obviously greatly affected as well as the children. Divorce can have many negative implications on children including social and behavioral problems as well as problems with their own marriage later in life. Unfortunately, everyone involved feels the negative results of divorce but the degree of that effect can be lowered if certain measures are taken prior to a divorce. Dr. Lisa Strohschein suggests that instead of focusing on helping children after divorce, paying attention to what happens to the kids leading up to the divorce could lower levels of anti-social behavior (Jolivet, 2012). She also states that parents who help children cope with divorce and shape their attitude toward more positive associations could have a great effect on their mental health (Jolivet, 2012). Even though the negative implications of divorce are very prevalent I believe that they can be reduced to a degree where the effects are minimal. How to cite Impact of Divorce on Children, Papers

REFLECTION Business Ethics Essay Example For Students

REFLECTION: Business Ethics Essay Introduction: When talking about Business Ethics one has to realize that there are many different facets involved, and for someone to take a stance as to whether there is such a thing as ethics in business or to state that such a term in itself is an oxymoron, would be a very daring position to take. In this essay I will try to divide and analyze the different approaches that are taken when economists and moral advocates discuss business ethics. I will also insert my own thoughts on the subject, and when there seems to be a conflict of general opinion on a certain aspect pertaining to business ethics, I will try to point out how the two sides, when given the details of each specific case under consideration, will more times than not, agree as to what course of action should be taken. Reflection on Milton Friedman and the social responsibility of the Corporation: There are a few different types of businesses out there: Sole proprietorship, Partnership, and Corporation. When Milton Friedman states that businesses cant have responsibilities, only people can, he is obviously talking about corporations and not a sole proprietor. A sole proprietor is a person and he can have whatever social responsibilities he desires. As far as partnerships are concerned, Milton Friedman would say that their only responsibilitys are towards each other. Now that we have determined what group of business Milton Friedman was discussing let us examine what he says. Then we will see that what he says makes logical sense, and most people will agree with him. Milton Friedman agrees to a relatively large extent that business ethics when pertaining to the general aspect of corporations within the framework of the law is an oxymoron. I think everyone will agree that a business as a profit making entity has one goal and that is to make money. A corporate executive acts as an agent of his employers or the corporations stockholders in order to increase profits. He of course is also a person in his own right, and as a person he may have other responsibilities; Responsibilities to his family, his conscience, charity, church, city, etc. However, in this respect he is acting as principal, not an agent. He is spending his own money, time or energy. These are social responsibilities of individuals not of business. How can a corporate executive have a social responsibility in his capacity as a businessman? He is merely an agent. If you would say that he should be obliged to some sort of social responsibility, you in turn would be telling him to act in some way that is not in the interest of his employers or stockholders. For example, if you would tell him not to raise prices in order to combat inflation, you would in turn be taking money away from the stockholders. If you would tell him to decrease pollution beyond what the law demands, and pass over the expenses to the customers in the form of price increases, you in turn would be taking money away from the customers in order to improve the rest of society. If you would tell him to lower the wage of some employees, he would be taking money from the employees in order to improve the rest of society. Either way you look at it someone would be losing out. What gives the executive the right to take from one and give to another because of some implied social responsibility. Of course if the executive is asked to do something illegal or the business in itself is doing something illegal, even Milton Friedman will agree that anyone who knows about it should notify the proper authorities. However, in the case of whistle blowing I think Milton Friedman would condemn the employee for letting his ethical urges get in the way of his employee responsibility towards his employer. Being that stockholders are each part owners of the company, if they want to act more ethical they can do as they please. If you were to impose a set of ethical standards beyond the scope of the law, whose standards would we go by? There is a wide range of various ethical and religious groups .

Health safety at work Essay Example

Health safety at work Essay Employers and employees must comply with the duties set out in out which are as follows: Section 2 places a duty on employers for the health, safety and welfare of employees by consulting with read union safety representatives on health and safety matters within workplace. Moreover, employers with more than five employees should prepare written health and safety policy and bring it to the notice of employees. Section 3 requires employers to make sure that non employees who may be affected but work are not exposed to their health and safety. Section 4 requires ensuring that the premises, plant and machinery do not harm the people using It. Section 5 requires the prevention and control of harmful, noxious or offensive emissions into the atmosphere. Section 6 places duties that designers, manufacturers and suppliers are that the articles and substances provided are safe to use. Section 7 requires the employee to take care of him or her and any of other who may be affected by his or her actions. And also require the employees cooperation with their employer in health and safety issues. Section 8 requires employees to not Interfere or misuse anything provided in the Interest of health and safety. This brief sets out to identify health and safety legislation and procedures applied in Food retail industry McDonalds. Background From the article published on leading newspaper on 2nd April 2008, McDonalds at Leister has been fined a total of almost 40000 after a worker was badly injured following a fall. During hearing in the court, the company admitted breaching health and safety regulation. Worker also complained about the failure to correctly complete an accident investigation form, and also there had been failure to complete a falls risk assessment which would have averted the accident. We will write a custom essay sample on Health safety at work specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Health safety at work specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Health safety at work specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer After that accident, McDonalds has a strong health and safety culture and then design of kitchen had en altered and safety upgraded. So It Is very Important that food Retail Industry company McDonalds should take health and Safety of their employers seriously and therefore in safety procedures are been discussed in rest of the briefing paper. One of the major priority of Macdonald is to ensure the safety of employees, customers and visitors. Co-operation on the part of us all is vital to the success of the Health Safety Policy. Every staff have their own responsibilities to ensure that the risk of Injury or Ill health Is enameled. As with all other aspects of business , Macdonald re continually Improving tenet performance Day measuring gallant standards Ana reviewing safety progress on daily basis. Negation of health and safety requirement is considered as the serious breach of discipline. Employee Responsibilities in McDonalds As being the employee of Macdonald, there are various responsibilities one needs to follow to ensure health and safety at workplace. First and foremost to take reasonable care for health and safety of oneself and other persons who may be affected by your acts or omissions at work; In order to fulfill company statutory obligations and comply with company policy, employee needs to cooperate with management teams and other crew member. All the safety rules and procedures must be carefully observed and PEP should be worn all the time when handling any risky objects and any safeguards provided shouldnt be misused or recklessly interfered with anything in interest of health and safety. Managers should have responsibilities for training and supervising the crew members during the shift and have to ensure that staffs are adhering to correct procedures. Witness of Heath and Safety Hazard If any specific health or safety hazard which is not covered in rules book, comes to attention then one should isolate the area or equipment immediately and report to the shift manager. Likewise every restaurant , Macdonald also has a Hazard Reporting Book ,where any seen hazard must be recorded. And Failure to record the hazard in that book provided will be treated extremely seriously and results in disciplinary action. Informed about health and safety issue One of the internal part of all procedures is Health and Safety. Additional specific training is provided to employees as a part of training courses in line with susceptibilities provided. Health and safety manual is provided at each restaurant the gives the details of Additionally specific training in safety matters is included in various training courses in line with your responsibilities. A Health Safety Manual is provided at each restaurant and gives details of the organization and arrangement for implementing and developing health and safety policy,Risk statements for various tasks, equipment and chemicals handling, safety bulletins are provided to highlight safety issues in regular interval. Staff and management held safety circle tenting to review the progress and effectiveness of safety within the restaurant in regular basis. Macdonald always involves the participation of crews and managers in the development and operations of health and safety policy. Opportunities are provided to crews and manager to address any safety measures or any concern at safety circle meetings. Additionally, any specific or general comments on health and safety matters is always welcomed any time by contacting the managers. A Risk Assessment As with any workplace, there is a risk of injury or ill health to yourself and other if not now about hazards. So one has make sure to follow company policies and procedures when handling with hazards. Incase of Accident All injuries must be reported to manager and shift managers must ensure that their first aid qualification is up to date. If any accidents occurs in the shift then it should be recorded on accident book. The checklist inside the accident book also highlights ten legal Dilation to report spectacles types AT Injury to employees, essences Trot work following an injury , or incidents known as Dangerous Occurrences to the Local Authority within strictly defined time period. The shift managers is reprehensible for the communicating the accurate information to Hygiene Safety Department within right period of time for the company to fulfill its statutory duties. Health and Safety Procedure at McDonalds Every staff working in McDonalds must complicity with following heath and safety procedure while working in restaurant: Firstly Uniform must be neat and clean including apron. Hair must be way from face, completely under hat. Hand must be washed using correct methods. Hands must be washed and dried thoroughly whenever contaminated. Hands must be washed every 30 min when working in itched an in every hour when working front counter, drive-thru or dining area. Preventing Slips, Trips and Falls Commonly occurred accident in workplace is slip and fall. The following procedure must be followed to ensure safety for everyone: Floor should be always kept clean by sweeping and mopping the floor with fresh Solidness Floorer Solution. Wet Floor sign must be placed on the area when needed. Mopping should be avoided during busy periods. Any spillages seen should be cleared straight away and wet floor sign should be placed near spillage. Never run. Correct shoes must be worn overtime. Shoes must have good grip, be enclosed,comfortable and clean. Trip hazards must be avoided by not leaving boxes, cables or other obstruction near doorways or where others might trip over. Working at Height Whenever working in height ,either to access items or for cleanliness step ladders must be used all the time. Following procedures must be applied when using step ladders: Ladders steps must be clean and dry. Ensure steps are in good condition and are clean and dry Ladders should be fully open with side bars locked into position. Standing on the top two steps should be avoided. Never lean sideways. Always climb down and the steps should be repositioned. Help should always be asked when needed. Standing or standing on equipment, chairs or stock room shelves should be avoided. Roof access is restricted to Managers and Service Engineers, unless otherwise stated. Preventing Burns There are various equipment in Macdonald which are operated at high temperatures and can cause burn and injuries. Following procedures should be applied to prevent from burn: Upper grill platens must be closed and left standby hen not in use. All equipment must be left to cool down prior to cleaning. Toasters are lowered or locked before moving them. Extra care should be taken when pouring and serving hot drinks to customer. Handling Vats and Hot Oil Vats shouldnt be cleaned or filtered by someone who are not trained to do so. Protective clement must De worn when Telling Ana cleaning vats 011 consultant be discarded unless it has cooled below ICC and have been trained to do so. Vat covers should always be on place when cleaning and pulling vat. While topping up vat,to avoid splashing it should be poured to front edge. If someone is burnt, call the Shift Manager or the designated First Eider. Fire Precautions Fire doors must be closed at all times to prevent fires spreading. Fire exits must be clear at all time to allow evacuation in event of fire. Doors shouldnt be disconnected with door closers or wedges. Every staff working in restaurant should know the fire exits location, alarm call points and assembly points. Smoking is prohibited within all restaurant areas. There is separate smoke area away from the restaurant. Be Alert Be alert for situations that might lead too fire, such as: Gas Doors Damaged plugs, sockets or cord. Extra rubbish from overflowing bin. Managers should be informed immediately in case of any fire safety risks. General Evacuation Procedure In the event of fire the nearest fire alarm is activated. One should only tackle the fire if been trained to do so or else should be reported to shift managers. Restaurant should be left medially with nearest exit available. Even on the case of hearing the alarm,one should leave by nearest exist and proceed to assembly point and report to anger immediately. The important things to remember are DO NOT stop to collect personal belongings,use any lifts and do not return to building until authorized. Use of Fire Extinguisher Extinguishers are made for different types of fire and one should know which one to use and how to use Lifts and Carrying Following are the procedures when lifting and carrying any objects in restaurant. Using chemicals All chemicals and substances used in McDonalds are safe to use when used in correct way. Instructions on the packaging should always be followed and extra care would be taken handling it. Read the label. There are different chemicals for different Job so to ensure proper cleaning right chemicals should be used. In order to minimize the risk of chemical contamination, chemicals shouldnt be transferred from one container to other and should never be mixed. Hand should be washed after handling chemicals. And managers should be informed if any skin irritations arise. Chemicals should be stored away from food and food packaging areas. Working Outside Some of Jobs should involve working outside such as assisting delivery, taking orders room cars in drive thru. In such case high-visibility vest or Jacket should be worn.

Scarlette Letter Essays - English-language Films, The Scarlet Letter

Scarlette Letter Essays - English-language Films, The Scarlet Letter Scarlette Letter OTHER ELEMENTS SETTING There are two ways to talk about setting in The Scarlet Letter. One way is to look at the meaning or emotional overtones of specific places. A second and broader way is to examine the whole Puritan world in which Hawthorne has set his novel. Not just the time and place, Boston in the 1640s, but the values and beliefs that define Puritan society. THE MARKET-PLACE AND THE FOREST Far and away the most important scenes in The Scarlet Letter take place in two locations, the market-place and the forest. These are presented to us as very different places, reflecting very different human aspirations. The market-place is public. It lies at the very heart of the tiny enclave of civilization the Puritans have managed to carve out of the vast, untouched continent. The market-place contains both the church and the scaffold- institutions of law and religion. It is where criminals like Hester are punished, where penitents like Dimmesdale confess, and where men put on the faces they wear for the world. The forest, on the other hand, is dark and secret. It is where people come to let loose and be themselves. The forest track leads away from the settlement out into the wilderness where all signs of civilization vanish. The forest track is precisely the escape route from the dictates of law and religion to the promised land to the west where men can breathe free. The market-place and the forest are symbols of the choice that confronts the major characters in the novel. The choice is not as simple as it seems. For all its restraints, the market-place is safer and warmer than the forest. And you can't get into so much trouble there. In the heart of the settlement, there is the comfort of values that are shared, of laws that are laid down and respected. Above all, there is the comfort of people who care. The open air of the forest is exhilarating, but cold. Nothing is known in the wilderness, everything is up for grabs. There is no one around to stop you from going to the devil. And when you do, he is right there waiting for you. THE PURITAN WORLD Surely the setting of The Scarlet Letter- the stern, joyless world of Puritan New England- is one of the grimmest on record. It is all gloom and doom. If the sun ever shines, we hardly notice. The whole place seems shrouded in black. A question comes to mind as we read the novel. Why did Hawthorne choose this dark world for his masterpiece? Perhaps we can tackle that question by asking another one. Why did Hawthorne reject the contemporary scene? Even if he chose to ignore the richly suggestive American settings of the 1820s and '30s, (the Erie Canal, for instance, or the Alamo), he had first-hand material to draw on in his own life and career. Part of the answer, of course, is that Hawthorne could write about the contemporary scene. He did write about it in The Custom House. But what he could write was comedy. The pathetic old Salemites who worked for Uncle Sam lent themselves not at all to the tragic work he had in mind. Perhaps if Hawthorne reached back to Salem in the 1600s, he would find more figures invested with the same dark and dusky grandeur, more men and women who would speak as directly to his creative imagination. The Puritan world of the mid-17th century apparently gave Hawthorne something he badly needed- people who lived their lives to the full instead of snoring them away. In the pages of The Scarlet Letter, the Puritans emerge from the shadows of an earlier time, broad shouldered, ruddy cheeked, firm of step, and direct of speech. They were a stern people, of course, and repressive. They probably put the lid on more natural human impulses and emotions than any society before or since. But just for that reason, emotions boiled over, passions a novelist could seize at red heat. More important, the Puritans had a moral vitality never again found on the American scene. For a writer like Hawthorne, intrigued with the subject of conscience, here were

Beehive extract potential prostate cancer treatment Essay

Beehive extract potential prostate cancer treatment - Essay Example As a means of determining the side effects of the propolis on the cells, researchers did various experiments by using the traditional and the modern ways. Their aim was to discover the effects of the beehive extract on the initial stages of the prostrate malignancy. As a means of proving that CAPE can stop the spread of cancer, the researchers at the university used mice infected with tumors. They discovered that when CAPE is given to the mice, it inhibits the growth of tumors. Control experiments were also conducted since the researchers ceased giving the compound to the mice. The outcome showed the tumor continued growing after they had stopped giving CAPE to the mice. They also discovered that, the beehive extracts can only stop the growing of tumor, but they do not eliminate the cancer (Jones, Kokontis & Chuu). More studies were carried out to confirm that CAPE is effective. One of these studies was done at the National Research Institutes based in Taiwan. In the research, many l ines of cancer were used, and the beehive compound successfully slowed the growth. Even if, the lowest concentration of CAPE was used, it was still be useful in inhibiting the enlargement tumor. The research outcomes also showed that the compound could also hinder the prostrate tumors growth in human beings. If a mice grafted with the human prostrated tumor is given CAPE for six weeks, the amount of prostrate tumor can decrease by half. When the mice stop taking the component, the tumor grows like before. In order to know how CAPE works on the cells to slow them down, the researchers at Taiwan invented a way of measuring the alterations of proteins under certain conditions using the Western blots. They found out that CAPE stops tumor growth by suppressing the protein actions on p70s6 kinase and Akt tracks, which can activate cell growth. Even though, human beings were the focus of the study, mice are mammals and all mammals’ cells have the same characteristics. Hence, the com pound can also work on human beings (Jones, Kokontis & Chuu). For effective treatment of prostrate cancer, CAPE together with other treatments is instrumental. For instance, since the compound cannot kill the tumor cells, it works with chemotherapy, which can kill the cells, while CAPE stops further growth of the cells. However, a need arises to conduct more studies concerning the use of the beehive extracts before using it on human beings. Many people have used the compound to treat other diseases, but they dot not know how they work and hence, before bringing it into pharmacies, researchers have to approve it (Jones, Kokontis & Chuu). The beehive extract prevents prostrate cancer by triggering the apoptosis process. The treatment of prostrate cancer through chemotherapy and radiotherapy is widely known. Nevertheless, these methods are not very effective since they kill cells resulting into damaging of the body immune system. Experimental outcomes show that propolis inhibit mutatio ns that are caused by chemical carcinogen. Propolis on Hep-2 cells hinders the proliferation of cells. This can induce cells apoptosis to certain extends (Farooqui & Farooqui 248). Additionally, propolis affects cycle of cells at a phase called G1 to S phase transition. Its effects are equally apparent at the transition phase of S phase to the

Revenue Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Revenue Management - Essay Example Ans: For different industries to flourish in terms of profitability it is necessary for them to allocate their resources properly. The airlines and restaurant industry tend to keep a check over the prices and capacity offered by them. However there is a difference between how both these industries manage their price allocation and the management of capacity. In terms of airlines customers have to pay for the number of seats that they take. In other words they pay for the capacity they take. For e.g. if a customer has booked 2 seats he will pay for both the seats. This is also the case with the hotels as the customers pay for the number of rooms that they book i.e. the capacity they take. However in terms of the restaurant industry capacity is not charged for. Although in different circumstances the customer are forced to pay for the capacity. This is very unusual in the restaurant industry. But for a restaurant to increase its profitability it is necessary that they maintain a regula r booking schedule. This schedule should be properly maintained and should help the customers in booking the seats in a restaurant. This can prove to be very beneficial for the customers and the restaurant as customers would be satisfied with the service they are getting by the restaurant. And on the other hand this booking schedule would help the restaurant to improve its image in front of the customers. But it can also be said that the capacity management is interlinked in these three industries. Each of the industry is conscious about providing customers with maximum satisfaction regarding the issue of capacity. All these industries maintain a booking schedule for this purpose. The customers in these industries require seats according to their own convenience. For e.g. customers require seats in a particular plane on a particular time and same is the case with the customers who visit a restaurant as they book seats according to their own convenience. On the other hand it is also necessary for these industries to keep a control over their management of prices. It can be said that the industry of airlines and restaurant have similarities regarding the management of prices. This is because both the industries aim to maximize their profits and therefore manage their prices accordingly. The seats offered by the airlines are charged according to the level of comfort in them. Many different airlines have varying prices for their seats due to the difference in the comfort level. Prices also differ because of the service timings that the airlines provide. For e.g. some airlines charge higher as their service time is lesser than those of other airlines. Similarly the restaurants charge for the quality of the food they offer. They maintain a balance of price for different commodities they offer. For e.g. the price of some specialties offered by the restaurants are charged higher than the other commodities. At the same time the price differ s in different restaurants also because of the services that they provide. Thus it can be concluded that for both these industries to prosper it is necessary that they keep a strong command over the management of capacity and prices.Question 2: In what way does menu engineering equate to

Cloning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cloning - Essay Example By discussing these to the full extent, we will be able to come to a more conclusive and knowledgeable objective on this subject of interest. The aim of this paper is to discuss of this, as well as the other key factors in regards to this issue. This is what will be dissertated in the following. The term cloning is literally referred to as "using specialized DNA technology to produce multiple, exact copies of a single gene or other segment of DNA to obtain enough material for further study." ("CDC", 2006). The process itself is actually referred to as cloning DNA, and the resulting cloned (or copied) collections of DNA molecules are called clone libraries. In more simple terms, cloning is the process of creating an identical copy of something original. In the cloning of a gene, there must be extraction from one gene from an organism and insert that into another organism, where it can then be used and studied. There is also a related technique to this which is called subcloning, which refers to the transferring of a gene from one plasmid into another, again for further study. Cloning is the process of making a genetically identical organism through nonsexual means. Although the idea of cloning may seem rather revolutionary to some, it has in fact been around for some while. It has been used for many years to produce plants (in fact even growing a plant from a cutting is a type of cloning). The terms 'recombinant DNA technology', 'DNA cloning', 'molecular cloning', or 'gene cloning' all refer to the same process: the transfer of a DNA fragment on interest from one organism to a self-replicating genetic element such as a bacterial plasmid. "This technology has been around since the 1970s, and it has become a common practice in molecular biology labs today." (Cloning Fact Sheet, 2006). When the media report on cloning in the news, they are usually only talking about one type of cloning, which is called reproductive cloning. However, there are many different forms of cloning, including human cloning, animal cloning, and cellular cloning. As for reproductive cloning, it is a technology which is used to generate an animal that has the same DNA as another currently or previously existing animal. The majority of reproductive cloning has so far been tried and tested on animals, with the modern cloning techniques involving nuclear transfers being successfully performed on several species. These land mark experiments in chronological order are: Tadpole (1952) Carp (1963) Sheep (1986) Rhesus monkey: Tetra (female, January 2000) Cattle: Alpha and Beta (males, 2001) and (2005) Brazil Cat: Copycat "CC" (female, late 2001), Little Nicky (2004) was the first cat cloned for commercial reasons Mule: Idaho Gem (2003) Horse: Prometea (2003) Human (2005) Dog: Snuppy (2005) The recent success in cloning animals has sparked fierce debates among scientists, politicians and the general public about the use and morality of cloning plants, animals and possibly humans. Although some argue that cloning can be used for many positive reasons, such as to preserve and increase the number of various endangered species, others are outraged at the 'misuse and mistreatment of science'. Currently the most successful cloning technique is that of the somatic cell nuclear transfer. This is the same cloning technique which allowed Dolly the sheep to be cloned, is also the same technique used by ACT - the first company to

Skills Development and Team Work Analysis

Skills Development and Team Work Analysis Effective organizational performance is an aspect that every organization would like to achieve but how those organizations can generate a high performance. Teamwork must be one of the answers. This assignment provides some information and points out that why team work is important more than group work, and also demonstrates the way which team members interact in order to make their work process flow smoothly. Being a good team member, skills requirement is considered because personal skills can be useful in terms of develop a teams performance. Due to this consideration, this is my good chance to improve my skills by identifying some skills which need to be improved. Creating the personal development plan and doing a skills audit are tools which can help me to achieve my goal. As I am currently in the last term before doing my dissertation of the MBA course this assignment will show what I have developed so far and show how much I achieve my goals. This assignment is divided into th ree tasks as follows: Describe the different between team and group and Identify and critically reflect on the relationship between the objectives of significant operational task and my individual role and objectives. Moreover, this task will demonstrate and evaluate how I interacted with my colleagues and show my opinion in what I would do if I look back on the significant task and why I would do that. This part shows how I have developed my skills over the course through my personal portfolio This part shows the reflection on the process of my skills development 1. Working with a number of colleagues on a given project or significant operational task 1.1 The differences between team and group The word group and team usually are used interchangeably, but there are actually a number of differences between a team and a group depends on which part you have considered. Longman dictionary defined both words base on the word meaning : group defined as several people or things that are all together in the same place and team defined as a group of people who have been chosen to work together to do a particular job. Besides you can consider a difference between group and team by focusing on a relationship among members in group or team. Usually, members in a team are close to each other and their individual tasks are related to one another. Significantly, team donates more than one individual involve in goal-oriented joint action while group refer to informal clustering of more than one individual (Wilson A. 1998) and it goes beyond individual accomplishments. (Ruth Herman G.1940). In a group, members they are grouped together for administrative purpose only, some members might no t know each other before but working as a team, they work together because they got a team goal which is best accomplished with manual support and the relationship across individuals is obvious. (RDI handbook, 2009) The important factor which differentiates team from group is the interdependent among the team member in performing the team task (Saiyadain M.S, 2003) The team members are diverse in terms of various perspectives, personalities, status and role. 1.2 Significant operational task During my previous job, I was working in the hospitality sector, (In the small size hotel sector), as a general assistant in a hotels restaurant. On my operational task within the hotels restaurant, all staff were gathered to do our own individual task. As the explanation about team and group above, I think working with my colleagues on the significant operational task is close to a team concept. According to the team concept, goal-oriented joint action is a key point which indicates that we were working as team because we had a goal which we wanted to achieve by working together because our individual tasks are linked. Significantly, my team goal was to make sure that we satisfy customer needs and expectations with a high quality of service. In my team, there were thirteen staff who had a responsibility concern to a whole process of service delivery (e.g manager, kitchen staff, waiting staff,) As I mention above, having the same goal is the key which pulling all team members togethe r because all tasks in the whole work process are linked. In order to achieve the goal, we needed to go towards the same direction because teamwork is a joint action of a group member and each team members have to contribute their skills and opinion toward the team goal. Therefore, our team member, firstly, had to be aware and clear about the goals and understand individual roles and tasks. My main role was dealing with customers and make sure that they got the best service and other team members also got their particular task but every tasks were linked to one another. Working as team, leadership skills is very important. Leadership can be defined as the process of influencing and persuade others to understand and agree about what needs to be done and how to do it.(Gary Yukl, 2006) In the team we needed someone who can motivate and lead team members in to the right direction without any fear of any problems. Besides, working as team, we had to interact among members all the time to make our process flow smoothly in the right direction. 1.3 Interaction among team members Significantly, Interacting among team members is the key aspect which can affect to a whole performance because it helps the team to achieve the goal effectively. According to Longman dictionary, Interaction is defined as a kind of action which two or more objects can affect to each other. The contribution from members such as exchanging opinion, idea or knowledge can help the team perform more effective. (Beyerlein M. et al,. 2000) Generally, every team member develop the ways of interacting among members over the time, especially interpersonal communication among members because the effectiveness of a whole performance always depends on how well team members interact to one another. Often, autonomous teams are presented the best practice for increased performance (Hellenthal A. and Molleman E. 2008) because working as team, there exists no single in order to bring the best solution. The interaction such as how a team makes decisions, assigns work, and holds members accountable dete rmines team success, these are very important to consider in any team work. According to my work experience, all of the team members had to clear in mind and understand the teams goal, otherwise we might have been gone in a different direction. In our day-to-day job, we were assigned a task by a team leader. Basically, team leader was not the same member all the time, it depends on the situation. And in any decision making, there was always interaction among team members because in any decision-making everyone had to hold the responsibility for the decision which was finally made because we were working as team. All team members reserved a right to agree or disagree and showed our opinion directly towards our leader. Moreover, because of our tasks were linked and would have been effected to one another, therefore staff meeting which was hold every two week in order to give a chance for staff to apprise our performances and tried to find a solution for any particular problems. 1.4 Significant operational task and the real situation in my work place According to the theory of communication, (RDI hand book, 2009) effective communication within any organization is an aspect that organizations have to concern. Bad communication will inevitably lead to loss of income or worse. Basically, there are three basic types of communications; two-way communication is the one which is highly effective because both sender and receiver can give their feedback directly. Compare with my work experience, my team goal was meeting the customer expectation by delivering a good service. In day-to-day task, good communication skills would be very useful for working as team because in the whole process of working, we had to communicate with the team members all the time to make sure that we reached all customers expectation in terms of service quality. Generally, team members were assigned a task and address a daily goal by a leader every morning and the leader also allowed us to present our idea which might be useful for the team if there was a special event such as private party. During any day working, the most difficult situation was, when there was a special order and waiting staff had to transfer that order to a chef. We had to make sure that we meet the customers expectation. Apart from the day-to-day task, every two weeks, there was a meeting which made for all team members to discuss a whole performance in the past two weeks. Every team member would have got all information which was useful for improving the team performance such as feedbacks from customers which were collected directly from customers. We also got a chance to present our point of view and share our ideas and find the areas of agreement as the basis for collaboration. Personally, I think the way that the operational task was managed was reasonable and efficient, because good communication among team member was very important for working as a team. If I could manage this task, I would still maintain this good point about two-way communication but I would th ink more about staff commitment issue because all staff members were a part of the success and we should return some benefits back to staff for their hard work by appealing to them in terms of reward package such as salary, bonus, status and recognition. If we could win the staff commitment, staff would be happy to work towards the operational task and we would get the best performance from them. 2. Personal Portfolio Personal Development Plan is a tool which contains actions or aspirations oriented towards any of the following aims and it should be seen as a constant process involving enhancement and development of abilities, skills and knowledge (RDI handbook, 2009). Apparently, skills audit is important for everyone who would like to set up PDP. Skills audit is a tool which is designed to help you to identify your strengths, weaknesses and areas for development within various skills areas. (RDI handbook, 2009) Before I set up my PDP, I did a skills audit and four of important skills were chosen to be improved as the table below. Skills Audit According to the skills audit above, I identified my skills which needed to be improved and chose some activities to support me to improve my skills. There are four skills which I think they will be useful for my future career. Those skills are : 1. Leadership skills From my skills audit above I gave myself in a low rating and I thought I needed to improve this skill because this skill is very important skill for a manager. In the workplace manager should have an ability to motivate a team member to work toward a common goal and get the job done in order to make the over performance more effective and successful. For improving this skill, I set some activities such as participating in any group task (classroom) , reading a book Leadership skills for managers . During six months for improving leadership skill, I have been gaining a lot of knowledge and I got many chance to practice this skill. Significantly, I have leant how to persuade group members to agree with my idea and also learn how to be good leader in the group when we were assign the group task such as teams discussions and presentations during class assignments. I also learn from reading books which contain leadership articles. These books helped me to understand the differences betwee n manager and leader; how the leader is so important to very work project and it also teaches me how to be a good leader. 2. Prioritizing skills Prioritizing skills is important for manager because good manager is a person who manages to plan the schedule and divide time equally between tasks can be an asset for the organization. This skill basically was the skill which I gave myself a highest rating among all skills. In the past six months, I improve this skill a lot especially during the MBA course. Generally, there were many assignments which had to be submitted on time, therefore, this skill is very useful for me because I could prioritize all my works and working on the most important at each moment and could submit all my assignment on time. 3. Communication skills Communication skills are very important for working as a team. Working as a team, Bad communication will inevitably lead to loss of income or worse. My communication skills at the beginning of the course were not good enough. Language was my barrier because English is not my first language. Therefore, participating in any group task (classroom) was the activity which useful for improving these skills. During my course, I got many chance to improve my communication skills such as discussion class, work as a group and communicate to other group members. Furthermore, I have learnt a lot form the books about communication. In order to become a more effective communicator, I have learnt many different communications channels such as memos emails meetings teleconferencing instant messaging 4. Planning skills Planning skill is one of those skills which allows a manager to anticipate such issues and be prepared should they arise. My action plan for improving this skill were reading and researching articles or books which are related to an assignment. Over the past six months, I read a lot of books which were useful to my assignment such as the book about Human Resource Management, Managing Change, Marketing, Finance and operational management. Apart from reading, I did practice some exercises before the 24 hours assessment in Finance management. 5. Information technology (IT) Skills Not surprisingly, IT skills are very important in most parts of every workplace because IT skills are still in demand and IT may be the most important factor for long-term career success. From my skill audit above, I gave myself low rating because I got only basic ability about IT. Therefore, I planned to improve these skills by doing a lot of practicing in some computer applications which I already got the basic knowledge about such as Microsoft Excel, internet application. Furthermore, I have leant more about some computer applications which I had never used before such as Autofill with Formulae and functions. From the activities above which were use to help myself to improve my skills in many areas. After my plan reached the target date which was on April 2010, I will review the skills which were developed over the period of time by this following table : From the table above which it shows how much my skills have developed over six months. Basically, I divided my self- assessment into two periods (three months in each period). According to the first period of my self-assessment, I realized that all of those skills were developed gradually. It was because I had to adjust myself into new environment such as educational system and language which different from my country. Leadership skills- in the first period, I rated myself only 3 because I think I need more practicing and need more time to gain some experiences and after six months was over I rated myself 4 which is reasonably confident but need more practicing. Frankly, I think to be a good leader with a lot of confident, I need to keep practicing and leaning from mistakes in the past. Prioritizing skills- Before I started to improve this skill, I rated myself quite high (4) but after the first period was over, I still thought that my prioritizing skill did not improve much because I had to adjust myself to the new educational system. When the self-assessment was over, I think this skill was developed successfully. Communication Skills- These skills was difficult to be improved for me regarding to a language barrier. For the first period, therefore, I needed to practice very hard in both English skills and communication skills because both are linked. After the whole period was over, I think my communication skills were developed reasonably and I would like to practice and learn more to pull these skills to be my strength. Planning skills Although, this skill is quite simple and easy to succeed but being in MBA cause, planning skills was turned to be a bit difficult for me. Nevertheless, keeping myself on track and always focusing on the goal of my study, these made me improved this skill quickly. Therefore, I think this skill was developed successfully. IT skills Frankly speaking, I think these skills are the most difficult to be improve because there are many computer applications which take time to be understood. For the first period, I did not improve much on these skills because it was difficult to learn how to use some computer application by myself but within the second period, I got a chance to practice this skill more often with my classmate due to the financial management module. After six months were over, I think that even though I have improved this skill but I need more practicing and need more time to gain some experiences. According to my self- assessment for all of the skills above, I think I have developed those skills reasonably and successfully and those need to be practiced continuously in order to make them to be my strength and be useful for my future career 3. Reflection on the process of skills development According to the personal development plan, I chose five skills which I need to develop over my course. Firstly, leadership skills are the main skills which I need to develop. Leadership is defined as the process of influencing and persuade others to understand and agree about what needs to be done and how to do it.(Gary Yukl, 2006) and it is about persuading people to contribute to making something extraordinary happen (Kuozen J. et al., 2007). Leadership skills are very important for any teamwork because reaching a team goal needs someone who can lead and persuade team members through the right way whether it is difficult or not. As far as I am aware, my leadership skills have been improving because these skills need time to practice. Apparently, group work in the class helps me a lot by building my confidence and I am also learning form the many books about leadership such as Leadership skills for managers which help me to understand more about why leadership skills are important for manager job and how I can become a good leader. Secondly, Prioritizing skill, personally I thought this skill was very easy to be developed but in fact being in MBA course made me realized that there were many obstacles which prevented myself to achieve my goal such as being in a different educational system and language barriers. These obstacles made some of my work delayed but unfortunately, I am still on the track and be able to improve this skill successfully. Thirdly, Communication skills, well communicate among team members is a part of generating an effective team performance. As I have learnt so far during my class period, two-way communication is apparently more effective in practice because discussion in a classroom needs everyone in the class to be participated by sharing our ideas and I definitely got a chance to share my opinion and learn how to be a good listener at the same time. And I always use some techniques form the book, Stepladders to success for the professional which help me to perform in my class more efficiently because difference of ideas or opinion might lead us to groups conflict and it happened to me many times but these experiences help me to learn how to handle the problem. Fourthly , planning skills, according to the fact that I have to submit all of my assignments on time, therefore, planning such as what I had to do, which book I had to read etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦these help me to submit all of my assignments on time and I got a reasonable marks for all of them. This skill can apply to any activities which need to be done in a certain time. Lastly, IT skills which are important for a manager job in terms of using it to generate organizational reports. As far as I am concern, the spreadsheet (Excel software) is very important computer application which simulates a paper, accounting worksheet. According to the complication of the program, it has been taking me long time to learn and understand how it works, but practicing can help me to use this program more effective in the future. Conclusion In any areas of any business, person who has a potential skill is always required. Therefore, skills development is very important for any person who would like to get a good job. Generally, not only for a job seeker but it is for someone who needs to improve his/her skills in order to perform his/her task more effective. Personally, this personal skills development helps me to identify my ability and skills which I need to improve and motivate myself to achieve my goal by setting an action plan. Although, I have not achieved all my plans at this moment but I believe that if I keep follow my action plan, I will definitely reach my goal in the future. Appendices Personal Development Plan My Goal Which skills I need to improve? Actions Required Who or What Can Help Me? Target Date for Action To gain diversified business knowledge and expertise in order to be a potential manager in the future by Improving Some skills which are related to my goal 1. Leadership skills Participating in any group task (classroom) Reading a book Leadership skills for managers Classmates and a tutor By April 2010 2. Prioritizing skills Prioritize all my works, working on the most important at each moment. By April 2010 3.Communication skills Participating in any group task (classroom) Classmates and a tutor By April 2010 4.Planing skills Reading and researching article or book which are related to an assignment Tutor Submit Date 5. IT Skills Learning Some computer Applications which are related i.e. spreadsheet By April 2010 Skills Audit Knowledge and skills which I consider to be important for future job Ability Rating (1-5) Typical Description Tutors Comments 1.Leadership skills 2 Manager should have an ability to motivate a team member to work toward a common goal. Suthira has lead her teams discussions and presentations during class assignments and proved to be good team leader. 2. prioritizing skills 4 Good manager is a person who manages to plan the schedule and divide time equally between tasks can be an asset for the organization. During the course, Suthira has appreciated the importance of prioritizing in the achievement of assignments and tasks. 3.Communication skills 3 Working as a team, Bad communication will inevitably lead to loss of income or worse. Suthiras commands of spoken and written English have improved since starting the program. 4.Planning skill 3 Planning allows a manager to anticipate such issues and be prepared should they arise. Suthira has developed good planning skills. That appeared clearly during her preparations before classes commenced. 5. IT skills 2 IT skills are still in demand and IT may be the most important factor for long-term career success. TitleThe Interaction Between Task and TeamAuthorsAlex Hellenthal, Eric MollemanPublisherVDM Verlag, 2008

The Rastafarian Belief System Essay -- essays research papers

The Rastafarian Belief system The belief system of the Rastafarians is that Haile Selassie is the living God for the black race. Selassie, whose previous name was Ras Tafari, was the black Emperor of Ethiopia. Rastafarians live a peaceful life, needing little material possessions and devote much time to contemplating the scriptures. They reject the white man's world, as the new age Babylon of greed and dishonesty. Proud and confident "Rastas" even though they are humble will stand up for their rights. Rastas let their hair grow naturally into dreadlocks, in the image of the lion of Judah. The total following is believed to be over a million worldwide. Also the belief system of Rastafarianism is somewhat based on six fundamental principles. These included Hatred for the white race, the complete superiority of the black race, Revenge on whites for their wickedness, the negation, persecution, and humiliation of the government and legal bodies of Jamaica, Preparation to go back to Africa and Acknowledging E mperor Haile Selassie as the Supreme Being and only ruler of black people. However there are several other key concepts to belief system of Rastafarianism. These include Babylon, I and I, Jah, Colours, Ganja, Lion, Diet and Dreadlocks. Babylon is the Rastafarian term for the white political power structure that has been holding the black race down for centuries. Through the past, Rastafarian people claim that blacks were held down physically by the shackles of slave...